A new screening function for Coulomb renormalization

We introduce a new screening function which is useful for the few-body Coulomb scattering problem in ``screening and renormalization'' scheme. The new renormalization phase factor of the screening function is analytically shown. The Yukawa type of the screening potential has been used in several decades, we modify it to make more useful. As a concrete example, we compare the proton-proton scattering phase shifts calculated from these potentials. The numerical results document that high precision calculations of the renormalization are performed by the new screening function.Comment: 4 pages, 8 figure

Ambiguities of theoretical parameters and CP/T violation in neutrino factories

We study the optimal setup for observation of the CP asymmetry in neutrino factory experiments --- the baseline length, the muon energy and the analysis method. First, we point out that the statistical quantity which has been used in previous works doesn't represent the CP asymmetry. Then we propose the more suitable quantity, $\equiv \chi^{2}_{2}$, which is sensitive to the CP asymmetry. We investigate the behavior of $\chi^{2}_{2}$ with ambiguities of the theoretical parameters. The fake CP asymmetry due to the matter effect increases with the baseline length and hence the error in the estimation of the fake CP asymmetry grows with the baseline length due to the ambiguities of the theoretical parameters. Namely, we lose the sensitivity to the genuine CP-violation effect in longer baseline.Comment: 8pages, 2figures, Talk given by J. Sato at Joint U.S. / Japan Workshop on New Initiatives in Muon Lepton Flavor Violation and Neutrino Oscillation with High Intense Muon and Neutrino Sources, Honolulu, Hawaii, 2-6 Oct 200

The rp-Process in Neutrino-driven Winds

Recent hydrodynamic simulations of core-collapse supernovae with accurate neutrino transport suggest that the bulk of the early neutrino-heated ejecta is proton rich, in which the production of some interesting proton-rich nuclei is expected. As suggested in recent nucleosynthesis studies, the rapid proton-capture (rp) process takes place in such proton-rich environments by bypassing the waiting point nuclei with the beta-lives of a few minutes via the faster capture of neutrons continuously supplied from the neutrino absorption by protons. In this study, the nucleosynthesis calculations are performed with the wide ranges of the neutrino luminosities and the electron fractions (Ye), using the semi-analytic models of proto-neutron star winds. The masses of proto-neutron stars are taken to be 1.4 Msolar and 2.0 Msolar, where the latter is regarded as the test for somewhat high entropy winds (about a factor of two). For Ye > 0.52, the neutrino-induced rp-process takes place in many wind trajectories, and the p-nuclei up to A ~ 130 are synthesized with interesting amounts. However, 92Mo is somewhat underproduced compared to those with similar mass numbers. For 0.46 < Ye < 0.49, on the other hand, 92Mo is significantly enhanced by the nuclear flows in the vicinity of the abundant 90Zr that originates from the alpha-process at higher temperature. The nucleosynthetic yields are averaged over the ejected masses of winds, and further the Ye distribution predicted by the recent hydrodynamic simulation of a core-collapse supernova. Comparison of the mass-Ye-averaged yields to the solar compositions implies that the neutrino-driven winds can be potentially the origin of light p-nuclei up to A ~ 110, including 92,94Mo and 96,98Ru that cannot be explained by other astrophysical sites.Comment: 29 pages, 18 figures, accepted for publication in Ap

N=2 Supermultiplet of Currents and Anomalous Transformations in Supersymmetric Gauge Theory

We examine some properties of supermultiplet consisting of the U(1)_{J} current, extended supercurrents, energy-momentum tensor and the central charge in N=2 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory. The superconformal improvement requires adding another supermultiplet beginning with the U(1)_{R} current. We determine the anomalous (quantum mechanical) supersymmetry transformation associated with the central charge and the energy-momentum tensor to one-loop order.Comment: 8 pages, LaTe

Time-Optimal Transfer of Coherence

We provide exact analytical solutions for the problem of time-optimal transfer of coherence from one spin polarization to a three-fold coherence in a trilinear Ising chain with a fixed energy available and subject to local controls with a non negligible time cost. The time of transfer is optimal and consistent with a previous numerical result obtained assuming instantaneous local controls.Comment: Published version (with typos in eqs. (25)-(27) corrected